Shorea leprosula Miq is one of the major tropical timbers in the Dipterocarpaceae family and is widely distributed in Southeast Asian tropical rainforests. This species has been recorded in Peninsular Malaysia, Peninsular Thailand, Java and Sumatra in Indonesia, as well as in Kalimantan. Its high economic value has driven intensive logging, resulting in significant population decline in the wild, highlighting the urgent need to identify and conserve its genetic resources. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure also provide an essential basis for plant adaptation and resilience to environmental changes.

This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of populations, partition genetic structure, and establish gene-ecological zoning of S. leprosula populations in Aceh and North Sumatra. The research has successfully developed extraction methods and modifications for S. leprosula samples from wood and leaves. Both seedling and parent samples have been successfully sequenced, with trnL-trnF, psbJ-petA, and petB identified as polymorphic cpDNA regions to be used for further analysis. The sequencing results of these three loci are now available and currently undergoing alignment.